Internal-combustion engine



April 28, 1931. c. L. STOKES INTERNAL COMBUSTICN ENGINE Filed Aug. 22, 1 24 INVENTOR. X m

, ..imparts the motion of piston 5 to a crank pin 7 Patented Apr. 28, 1931 urea STATES CHARLES LAWRENCE STOKES, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed August22, 1924. Serial No. 733,573.

My invention relates to improvements in the construction of internal combustion engines and is particularly applicable to the construction of two-cycle engines.

The principal object of my-invention is to provide improved means for the operation of the engine described in my Patent No. 1,308,560, July 1st,'1919,and has particular reference to the structure shown in Fig. 4 thereof.

With our present day motor fuels it is highly desirable to prevent the leakage of gasoline past the pistonring into the crank case in order to avoid dilution of the lubricating oil in the crank case. In my present invention I am enabled to do this by the structure to be defined by reason of the efficient vaporization of the liquid fuel prior to its entry into the compression chamber of 'said engine and further I provide means for maintaining unvaporized liquid fuel'separate from said compression chamber so that the same may be injected into the combustion chamber of said engine'for its eff cient V passage 24 arranged in the cylinder casting utilization.

Referring to the drawings, invwhich the same numbers indicate like'parts:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of my improved engine. V

Fig. 2 is a side view in elevation of Fig. 1. As described in my aforesaid patent, my

engine structure essentially includes a water jacketed cylinder 1, the lower part of which forms the upper half of a crank case, the lower part of the crank case 2 being suitably bolted to the upper part in any well known manner. Within the cylinder is arranged a piston sleeve valve 3 for reciprocation therein, the lower part 4 of which being adapted "to reciprocate in an enlarged portion of the cylinder wall.

A piston 5 in the sleeve valve 3 and a connecting rod 0 7 forming part of the crank shaft 8. On

either side of the crank pin 7 on the crank shaft 8 is arranged an eccentric 9 on which is mounted connecting rods 10 joined to 3 and 4 for the reciprocation thereof in substantially opposed phase to the piston 5. If

is arranged to reciprocate with-i desired acounter weight 11 may be placed on the crank shaft, especially fifthe engine is built in multi-cylinder form', but the same isj not necessary for the operationof the engine. I

In the water jacket surrounding the cylinder bore are passages 12 and'13, which pas valve 3 which has an upper belt of inlet ports, 19 and a lower 'beltof inlet ports 20 which are arranged to co-act at predetermined p eriodswith passages 21 and 22 respectively in the cylinder casting. A belt of the exhaust 7 ports 23 is arranged cencentrally in 3 to coact at predetermined periods with an exhaust and 24 is preferably arranged substantially centrally o f 21 and 22. i The outer end of the cylinder bore is closed by" a water jacketed cylinder head 25 of any .Well'known and suitable construction. The rotary valve 17 is arranged to open on to a deflector 26 arranged to pass liquid fuel on the exterior of; the heated sage 13. g

The operation of my construction is gen erally understood by reference to. my aforesaid patent, but in the present instance I provide that in the operation of my engine improved'results are now obtained. 'If it is assumed that the piston 5 is on its outer, or compression, stroke, the ports 19,20 and 23 will be shrouded by the cylinder Wall due to I the inward or suction stroke of thesleeve valve At the same time the rotary valve 17 is timed to open thereby supplying a combustible mixture from the carburetor 16 re spon-sive to the suction generated by 4, and this flow of combustible mixture Will be allowed tocontinue substantially until 4 has cylinder wall within the pets 1 port 27 thereby heatingthem'etalseparating 27 from 13 and thus forming a so-called hot spot for the vaporization of fu'el'drawn'into' 13.

The mixture of liquid fuel and air supplied toanywell known carburetor16 generally resolves itself into liquid-vaporized fueland unvaporized liquid' fuel. The. unvaporized liquid fuel. is deflected by- 26,-to-the exterior wall of the cylinder being retained thereonv for a.- greater or less? length of. time while moving in: a downward direction towards ll. The retention-.oftthis liquid fuel is arranged so/that the time element is sufficient for its contact andvaporization by the: hot spot 27 to the endthat. only vaporized fuel is drawn into 14 for forcing through 12 into 15.

This is h-ighly advantageous in two-cycle operation and further-by now providing a mechanically operated valve 17, I am enabled" to. offer increased volumetric eflic-iency for two-cycleengines-by providing a clear. passageway from the carburetor to the compressionchamben and from the compression chainber. to the combustion chamber without the use of any, auxiliary, or automatic, valves.

Thus in my former patent, automatic valves were vprovided;for. the ports 28 and 29but I am nowenabledIto dispensewiththe use of such valves: A If desired'the passage 12 may. be dispensedwith by closing. the. port- 29 and making the. passage12 a part ofthe water jacket,in which case'the passages 21 and-22. would also be closed. off from .12 but. would, open into 13'. In certain-designs embodying my inventionthis may he desirablefor the utilization of certain kinds of fuel whereby the fluctuation of combustible mixture in'13 would tend to retain'all liquidfuel in 13. until discharged in a vaporized, or liquid, condition into 15, but all such modificationsare apparent to those skilled in the art.

Valve 17 may he one of a: number of" well known constructions foreifectively distributing aacombustible'mixture and. it istobe noted that the same: isnever at anytime subject to'explosion pressure, but has: only. to retain the compression pressure'in 13. Owing to this fact, 17 may be of simple structure because no warping of. the same can ever take placeand consequently the manifold 30, containing valve 17,,may'beeasily arranged for multi-cylinder engines. of thistype.

I Claim z.

1. An internal: combustion. engine comprising a cylinder constituting a fuel explosion chamber, a piston reciprocating therein and a sleeve valve encircling the piston, said sleeve valve and cylinder having co-ordinating belts of ports, means for supplying gaseous fuel under pressure through said ports to the cylinder and means for supplying liquid fuel and air to said first mentioned means; said liquid. fuel and air supplying means including a passage formed on one side by the exterior wall of 'the cylinder wherein theliquid fuel is converted into gaseous fuel prior to its initial compression.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a casing, a cylinder in said casing, said cylinder constituting an explosion chamber, a. piston reciprocating therein and a. sleeve: valve encircling, the piston, said sleeve valve and cylinder having co-ordinating'belts of ports, meansfor supplying: gaseoussfuel under pressure through saidiports, to the cylinder'and means for supplying liquid. fuel and air-to said first'mentioned means; said-liquid fueliand air sup-plying means including a pas; sagev in said casing heated by exhaust heat from the cylinder, a. carburetor for liquid fuel and air and a-valve controlling the entry of liquidfuel and air to the passagewherein the liquid fuel is converted into gaseous fuel. prior to its initialcompression 3. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder and arfuel passage contiguous to said cylinder, a piston reciprocatingthere+ in and a sleeve valve encircling-the piston, said sleeve valve and cylinder. having co-ordinating belts; of ports, means including a compressionchamber in permanent communication'withsaid passage'for supplying gaseous fuel under pressure through said portsto the cylinder and means for supplying liquid fuel and air to said first mentioned means; said liquid fuel and 'air supplying, means includingapa-ssage heated by exhaust heat from the cylinder and by the wall of said cylinder, a carburetor for liquid fuel'and air. and a rotary valve controlling the entry of; liquid fuel and air tosaid last named passage wherein the liquid fuel is converted into gaseous fuel prior tov its initial. compression.

4. In a two-cycle internal combustion. en.- gine, acylinder, a piston reciprocating-therein and. a sleeve valveencircling the piston, said. sleeve valve and cylinder having. co-ordinating belts ofports, means forsupplying gaseous fuel under pressure through: said ports to the cylinder and means for supplying. liquid. fuel. and air to. said first mentioned means; said. liquid. fuel and air supplying means including apassage extending longi tudinally of,.andhaving awall in. common-,- with, the exterior wall of the cylinder, .a .car-

, buretor for liquid; fuel. and. air, and means.

for deflectingthe liquid fuel from the carburetor on to said common-wall as the same.

enters said engine.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination With a cylinder having a Water jacket and a lateral port, of a sleeve valve controlling said port for introducing an explosive fluid to the cylinder, a compression chamber below said cylinder, a passage longitudinally through the Water jacket for conducting the said fluid to said compression chamber, and means for vaporizing part of said fluid in the passage.

6. In an internal combustion engine of the two cycle type, a cylinder, a compression chamber, an intake passage in permanent connection With said chamber, a piston reciprocating in said cylinder, a sleeve valve for admitting an explosive mixture from said compression chamber to each end of said cylinder through said intake, an exhaust port midway between the ends of said cylinder, an intake passage surrounding said exhaust, and a valve for admitting an explosive mixture to said compression chamber.

7. In an internal combustion engine of the two cycle type, a cylinder, a compression chamber, an intake passage in permanent communication with said chamber, a piston in said cylinder, a sleeve valve for controling the admission of an explosive mixture from said chamber to said cylinder through said intake passage and for permitting the escape of exhaust gases therefrom, a rotary valve for controlling only the admission of an explosive mixture to said chamber, and means for rotating said valve.

8. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston, means for reciprocating said piston Within said cylinder, a water jacket for said cylinder, an exhaust and an intake passage for said cylinder, said intake passage surrounding said exhaust passage Within said jacket, and means operating in timed relation to the operation of said piston for controlling the passage of the intake and exhaust gases through said passages.

Signed at Wilmington, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, this 18th day of July A. D. 1924.

CHARLES LAWRENCE STOKES. 

